The Ancient City on the West Side of Liaohe River——Liao Upper Capital Linhuang City

The Xar Moran River is the main stream of West Liao River.At the beginning of 10th century,AD Khitan has built a Liao City in the basin of Xar Moran River,which was the center of the Liao Dynasty.This special city is the most spectacular and brilliant city of the Chinese ancient northern nationalities after the northern Wei Dynasty.Since the death of the Jin Dynasty the Liao City has disappeared from people's memory for a while.After that,from the Kangxi period to the Jiaqing period in Qing Dynasty,the location of the Liao City was found and confirmed again by those,who wrote the book Unity of the Qing.The rediscover of the Liao City is considered by the Chinese and foreign scholars from the book Mongolia Nomadic Age,which is written by Zhang Mu in Daoguang period in Qing Dynasty.Actually it is clear recorded as late as in the book Unity of Qing Jiaqing Revised Edition.Furthermore,the Liao City,which was built form Khitan is starting from binary concept,which means it was divided into north and south two cities.North city is the imperial city as the government for emperor of Liao Dynasty.South city-the Han city is as the main body for accommodating Han Chinese and all countries of production,business,living place except for Khitan.The Liao City is the sign of civilization of ancient city in West Liao River basin.It plays an inestimable role in the alternating and spreading the culture and merchandise trade from the area of northeast Asia to the inner Asia.