Breeding wheat for long coleoptile to increase seedling emergence vigor

More than a 100 research papers show that,wheat varieties of longer,thinner,stiffer and faster coleoptile,always gives better seedling emergence vigor.Based on years' investigations,from the viewpoints of morphogenesis and cell behavior,wheat sub-crown internode is above the coleoptile,and both belong to the hypocotyl.Corn sub-crown internode or rhizome is below the coleoptile,and belong to the mesocotyl.Pictures show that the second coleoptile is naturally split,and several internodes can occur in deep sown conditions,vernalization researchers should pay attention to this phenomenon.The genetic length,physiological length and the environmental length of wheat coleoptile are summarized.Breeding wheat for oil quality is mentioned.Three suggestions are proposed for Chinese wheat workers.