Effect of Long Time Fertilizers Application on Soil Characteristics and Crop Growth in Red Soil Upland

A long fertilization experiment has been conducted on red soil upland for 13years. It was found that soil organic matter content increased from 11.5 g/kg to 24.3 g/kg, the most of soil organic matter increased was easy to oxidize, and less was stable. Applying fertilizer P in red soil for long term increased soil available P content and improved significantly the ability of soil on supplying P. Applying organic fertilizer decreased P fixation in soil and enhanced the utilization efficiency of P fertilizer. The soil became acid obviously, the exchangeable Al in soil increased significantly, crop grew poorly and the yield decreased after applying sole chemical fertilizer for long term. Applying organic chemical fertilizer decreased significantly exchangeable Al in soil, increased soil nutrients content, and kept the high and stable yield of crops.