Health economics analysis and clinical prophylactic effect of dexamethasone and ondansetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Objective To compare the clinical prophylactic effect of dexamethasone and ondansetronon postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy and the health economics analysis. Methods A total of 90 patients ASA Ⅰ~Ⅱ level scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly divided into 3 groups(n=30). GroupⅠ: intravenous injection dexamethasone 10 mg 1 minute before inducing general anesthesia. GroupⅡ: intravenous ondansetron 4 mg when closed abdomen. Group Ⅲ: intravenous saline 2 ml when closed abdominal. The postoperative nausea and vomiting ocurring within 24 hours of the three groups were observed. Results The incidence of nausea and vomiting ofⅠ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups were 20.00% , 23.33% and 50.00% respectively. Compared with group Ⅲ , the incidences of nausea and vomiting of groupⅠand Ⅱ were significantly lower (χ2 =5.93,4.59,P0.05). The differences of incidence of nausea and vomiting between groupⅠandⅡ were not statistically significant (χ2 =0.98,P0.05). Compared with group I and Ⅲ, the cost of anesthe of group Ⅱ were significantly higher (t=6.73,6.80,P0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the average length of stay and hospitalization expenses among three groups (F=2.12,2.19,P0.05). Conclusions Dexamethasone and ondansetron can reduce the incidence of nausea and vomiting safely and effectively after laparoscopic cholecystectomy;the price of dexamethasone is cheaper than ondansetron.