Genetic effect analysis of seed weight in soybean (G. max)

Five parent lines and their F_1,F_2 were used to analyze seed effects,cytoplasmic effects and maternal gene effects on seed weight of soybean by the mixed genetic model. The results indicated seed weight were controlled by seed direct additive effect,seed direct dominance effect,maternal additive effect, and maternal dominance effect. The ratio of maternal dominance effect to total genetic effect were the largest,and that of seed direct additive effect was the second. The role of seed direct dominance effect and maternal additive effects was small. The sum of maternal additive and dominance effects were larger than that of seed direct additive and dominance effects. Both the broad- and narrow-sense heritabilities of seed and maternal effects were significant at 0.01 level. The total narrow-sense heritability of seed and maternal effects was 40%. According to the prediction on breeding value,DN7819 and DN46 were better patents for the improvement of seed weight.