Biomedical application of nuclear localization signal peptides

A nuclear localization signal (NLS) is an amino acid sequence which consists of one or more short sequences of positively charged lysines or arginines.It is a necessary signal sequence that mediates the proteins entering the cell nucleus through the nuclear pore complex.Eukaryotic nuclear proteins and viral proteins contain NLS,and the protamine is widely used as a natural NLS peptide.As the NLS can mediate many substances,such as DNA,protein,and nanoparticles,entering the cell nucleus,biomedical applications of NLS peptide have been widely studied.