The Change of Climate and Environment in the Middle Valley of the Yellow River at the End of the Shang Dynasty and Social Change

In the period between the new Stone Age and the Shang Dynasty the climate and environment in the middle valley of the Yellow River was warm and humid.Yet by late Shang times the climate was becoming arid there,this is the factor led to GuGongTanFu's relocation to QI and Emperor Wen's movement to CHENG and FENG in sequence,and Emperore Yi and Xin's continually expanding southward.It is dro ught and famine at the end of the Shang Dynasty that directly caused Emperor W u's invading Shang and changed dynasties.In short words,changes in climate and e nv ironment in late Shang Dynasty had exerted great influence on the social and po litical life of that times.