Study on yield-increasing effectiveness of mulching and fertilization of winter wheat in hilly areas

The experiment was carried out in Yantai city of Shandong province.The results showed that: mulch and fertilizer application could accelerate the growth,development,dry matter accumulation,and improve the yield of winter wheat.The secondary roots,tillers,height,dry matter weight per plant with organic fertilizer were increased by 0.85～2.51,0.22～1.52,0.46～4.23cm,0.03～1.15 g respectively,compared with the plant without organic fertilizer,and the difference between plants with and without organic fertilizer was statistically significant.Secondary roots,tillers,height,dry matter weight per plant increased by 0.25～3.36,0.23～0.98,0.27～3.57 cm,0.02～0.74 g respectively when the land was covered with plastic or straw compared with that of bare land.In the condition of this experiment,the combination of organic fertilizer(22 500 kg/hm2),chemical fertilizer(NH4HCO3:990 kg/hm2,Ca(H2PO4)2·H2O:815 kg/hm2,KCl:228 kg/hm2) with plastic mulching or straw mulching had the highest yield and accumulation content of dry matter,but the yield difference between plastic mulching and straw mulching was not statistically significant.Thus we come to the conclusion that organic-fertilizing,application of optimum ratio and quantity of chemical fertilizer,and straw-mulching were economical and effective measures for high-yield and water-saving cultivation of wheat in hilly areas.The measures were worthy of extension and implication in the winter wheat production area.