The New Development of School leadership:From Instructional Leadership to Transformational Leadership

Literature on school leadership has a history of 100 years. Over the past two decades the most suitable leadership role for principals has been dominated by two conceptual models:instructional leadership and transformational leadership. Instructional leadership emphasizes on coordinating and controlling from above,transformational leadership which is a distributed leadership,focuses on stimulating change through bottom-up participation. The distinction also contrasts instructional leadership that focuses on management of existing relationships and maintenance of the status quo with transformational leadership that seeks to envision and create the future by synthesizing and extending the aspiration of members of the organizational community. In view of the advantages and disadvantages the two models have,the future leadership will move towards an integration of leadership models.