Analysis of Ecological Land Landscape Pattern at Country Scale and Spatial Neighboring Characteristics

Based on geographical conditions census data, taking Foshan Gaoming District Guangdong Province for example, using pattern index, spatial neighboring characteristics index and ecological security evaluation method, this paper analyzed pattern and spatial neighboring characteristics among ecological land at country scale. The results show that: firstly, as obvious landscape city characteristics, the forest is relatively concentrated, and water and grass is irregular and scattered. Besides, Hecheng Street has the largest diversity as well as smaller evenness and dominance, opposite to Genghe Town. Thirdly, the spatial neighboring characteristics between forest land and cultivated land or construction land is most obvious however the water wastes land are on the contrary. The adjacency relationship between grassland or garden plot and construction land is stronger than the cultivated land. Fourthly, the influence on forest land and grassland and garden plot from construction land or cultivated land are stronger than wasteland and waters. Last but not least, the threat of human construction activities on the ecological land is larger than agricultural reclamation activities. The assessment of ecological security based on spatial analysis could reveal the pattern and threatening degree of ecological land at country scale by human activities.