The Effects of Base-fertilizer on Soil Water and Nutrients and Wheat Yield in Farm Land of Loess Plateau,Area

Soil water storage,especially before sowing,is the primary factor of restricting germination and yield forming of corp in the loess plateau region of china.The poor water storage efficiency and uneven distribution of rainfalls aggravates soil erosion from these tender farmlands.The region has a long fallow period from the end of September to April next year,so it is most important to research the soil water restoration during the relative long fallow period.This paper focuses on the effects of base-fertilization by altering the conventional fertilization practices on the restoration of soil water and the Microbial Biomass Carbon(MB-C) content before sowing,the dynamic of soil and water and yield farmation in the growing season.The research was conducted at the Zhonglianchuan Eco-agriculture Loess Plateau Station,Gansu province,from 2003 ～ 2005.The experiment designed with a non-fertilizer control treatment(CK) and seven base-fertilization treatments: nitrogen only(N),phosphorus only(P),nitrogen and phosphorus(NP),Organic fertilizer only(M),nitrogen and Organic fertilizer(NM),phosphorus and Organic fertilizer(PM),and nitrogen,phosphorus and Organic fertilizer(NPM).The two-year results,duing 2004 ～ 2005 indicated that the efficiency of soil water restoration and MB-C content in NPM treatment was significantly higher than other treatments,and the treatments containing N fertilizer were more efficient than those without N fertilizer.Effects of different base-fertilization on rainfall infiltration were obviously different,NPM was the best treatment,and CK was the worst.The relationship between wheat,potato yields and soil water storage content of the top 2m soil before planting were positive and significantly positive,R=0.621,0.774*(P0.05) respectively,correlation between soil water before rain reason and after rain reason was negative,the increments of soil water storage and the crop yields was positive related significantly.