Calculation of horizontal displacement of soil nailing considering construction process

Based on the construction feature that staged construction completes after each of the excavation stages is finished,it is important to discuss the incremental force of soil nail during the construction.A new phenomenological model for the analysis of soil nailing during the excavation is established.Based on the new model,the methods for the tensile forces of soil nail and the horizontal displacements of the wall facing considering the construction process can be obtained.The measurements of horizontal displacement of wall facing of Experiment 1 of Clouterre Program during the construction are compared with the calculated results by the proposed methods.The analysis of excavation depths,slope angles,soil properties and nail bars shows that the proposed method is available.