Characteristics of spatio-temporal variation of temperature in Songhua River Basin from 1960 to 2010

Based on data from 35 meteorological stations in the Songhua River Basin from 1960 to 2010,the co-kriging interpolation method was used to study the spatial distribution of temperature,and the linear trend method and Mann-Kendall test were used to analyze the temporal change trend of temperature.The results show the following:(a) During the study period,the annual average temperature in the basin showed a significant increasing trend with a rate of 0.039 ℃/a,which was higher than the global and national temperature increase,and the annual average temperature had increased dramatically since 1988.(b) The seasonal average temperature also showed a significant increasing trend,with rates of 0.037 ℃/a,0.028 ℃/a,0.036 ℃/a,and 0.048 ℃/a,respectively,for four seasons.Winter made the most significant contribution to the increasing trend of the annual average temperature.(c) The annual average temperature and the seasonal average temperature were similar in spatial distribution: they both decreased from south to north.The temperature was higher in the Songnen Plain area,lower in the northern basin,and moderate on both sides of the main stream of the Songhua River.