Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Variation of Soil Nutrients in the Winter Wheat-Summer Maize Rotation Field

【Objective】The objective of this study was to explore the temporal and spatial variation rules of soil nutrients in winter wheat-summer maize rotation field and the influence of long-term rotation on soil nutrients.【Method】The temporal and spatial variability characteristics of soil properties on the wheat-corn rotation at the National Precision Agriculture Experimental Station were evaluated using GIS and geostatistical methods with soil nutrient classification standard in Beijing.【Result】Results showed that,from 2000 to 2007,the study area was seriously lack of potassium and phosphorus nutrients with downward trend,the soil total nitrogen content was high in some areas,but it also had the downward trend.Organic matter content slightly increased within a state of equilibrium.All soil nutrients were ranged from 11.00% to 51.71%,which belonged to medium degree of variation.With the passage of time,the effective phosphorus and organic matter,total nitrogen and alkali solution nitrogen spatial distribution law of soil available phosphorus(AP),alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen(AN),total nitrogen(TN) and organic matter(OM) were stable.Although the spatial distribution law of available potassium(AK) in 2001 was different from the ones in 2000 and 2007,the spatial distribution of AK in 2000 and 2007 was similar.These showed that the spatial distribution of soil nutrients has a certain stability.【Conclusion】The study area had high nutrient content in the southern and northeast region,a little content in the central region.When the soil physical characteristics had big change,space structure characteristics of soil nutrients will be affected by certain influence;but when field cultivation management was relatively consistent over a long period of time,structural factors(especially soil characteristics and climate) will play the leading role.