Epidemiological Risk Factors of Communicable Disease among Earthquake Survivors in Temporary Shelters and Its Preventive Countermeasures

[Objective]To discuss the existing risks factors of communicable disease for earthquake survivors in temporary shelters and preventive countermeasures.[Methods]The existing epidemiological risk factors of communicable disease in shelters was analyzed,according to the author's working experience of health supervision in temporary shelters in Muguaping illage for a month:①A crowded population;②Poor living conditions;③Decreasing Physique and resistance;④Risk in food;⑤Hard guarantee of the amount and quality of drinking water;⑥Lack of monitoring and reporting system on communicable disease.Prevention countermeasures:①The establishment of emergency system of monitoring communicable disease;②Carrying out environmental cleaning-up and disinfection;③Monitoring and ensuring the security of drinking water and centralized dining place;④Restoration of immunization;⑤Publicize the knowledge of communicable disease.[Results]During this period,15 villagers in Muguaping Village had symptoms of fever,diarrhea or both fever and diarrhea,all were sporadic cases.No epidemic of communicable disease,food poisoning,water pollution or other sudden public health incidents occurred.[Conclusion]①The period of temporary shelters is the critical period of preventing communicable disease;②Comprehensive prevention and control measures of communicable disease during this period must be carried out;③The establishment of infectious disease emergency control system is the important measure for disease prevention after disaster.