Histological Observation on Esophagus of Gyps himalayensis

The histological structure of the esophagus of Gyps himalayensis was observed and analyzed by using gross anatomy technology and routine paraffin sections stained with H.E,and then was compared with that of the esophagus of the poultry and the mammalian.The results showed that there were few plicas in the upper esophagus of Gyps himalayensis,while plenty of plicas in the lower esophagus.The mucosa epithelium was stratified squamous epithelium,and surface epithelium was obviously keratinized;the muscularis mucosa was made up of scattered smooth muscle bundles;it had numerous esophageal glands in the submucosa of the upper esophagus,but very few in the lower esophagus;the muscularis were made up of two parts: circular smooth muscle layer and longitudinal smooth muscle layer.The muscle of the lower esophagus was more developedly than that of the upper esophagus.The adventitia was a lamina fibrosa,in which there were a lot of blood vessels and nerves.