Theory and Practice on Cultivation of Super High Yield of Winter Wheat in the Wheat Fields of Yellow River and Huaihe River Districts

According to the ecological characteristics in the wheat fields of Yellow River and Huaihe River district, the cultivation theory and technique of super high yield of winter whet (9000 kg kernel weight per hm 2) were studied. The results showed that in the high yield wheat fields(6000~7500 kg kernel weight per hm 2)with favorable soil, fertilizer and water conditions, based on the reasonable colony structure of wheat, the main limited factor for development from high yield to super high yield is the contradiction between accumulation and distribution of dry matter and early senescence of plant during the period from anthesis to maturity. This studies brought to light the law of wheat plant senescence, divided the phase of wheat plant senescence, explored the way from high yield to super high yield including prolonging slow senescence phase, reducing rapid senescence phase, keeping longer high value duration of photosynthesis rate and in step with increment of biological yield and economic index. The cultivation technique system is established, They were reasonable colony structure and yield component of two typies varieties with super high yield potential; time of nitrogen topdressing changed from getting up stage to jointing stage; according to nutritive characteristics of super high yield wheat fields to supply the fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur; developing soil fertility to come up to the soil fertility standard of super high yield.