Research Progress on the Surgery Treatment of Congenital Microtia

Congenital microtia is one of the highest incidence of head and facial deformities. It often means the deformity of both auricle and the middle ear cavity. Inner ear dysplasia is relatively rare. The deformity affects not only the appearance of the patient, the more important is the obstacle to cause hearing function. Furthermore, it can seriously affect the patient's day-to-day work of learning and life. Some patients also accompanied by more or less psychological impact, which is more common in bilateral patients. Surgery is the main treatment method. Patients with congenital microtia need to rebuild a normal appearance auricle and get normal or near-normal hearing. Outer ear reconstruction and hearing reconstruction surgery can significantly improve the appearance of the ear and the hearing. This article briefly reviews the etiology and epidemiology of microtia, the classification of microtia, the timing of surgery and the choice of surgical approach, the hearing reconstruction techniques, the ear reconstruction surgery and tissue engineering used in ear reconstruction. It highlights the material of ear reconstruction and the precautions of the surgery.