Quantitative Study on Ecological Water Demand in Continental Rivers

在有限的水资源中,必须维持合理的生态环境需水量,以满足国民经济持续发展和生态平衡维护的需要.以内陆河流为对象,以生态学理论和水环境容量理论为基础,从维持河流系统水生生物生存、维持水体一定量稀释自净能力以及防止河流水面净蒸发损失的角度出发,分析计算了河流系统的生态环境需水量,以期为水资源合理配置提供科学依据.;The water resources are the important and limited source in the world itis necessary to allocate a certain amount of ecologicalwater demand for sustainable developmental river.Based on the ecology and water environmental capacity theories, the ecological water demand of continental river system is analyzed and calculated in this paper from three aspects i.e.,the water demand for maintenance of aquatic living life survival the water demand for the maintenance of natural dilution and purification of water body and the water demand to cover the net evaporation deficiency.Itis noteworthy that this study will be beneficialfor water resources proper allocation in progress.Finally,as an example the ecological water demand in Guishui River Yongding River Basin, Beijing is calculated.