The endoscopic cavernous sinus surgery via the extended transsphenoidal approach: an anatomic study

Objective The endoscopic surgical anatomy of the cavernous sinus via the extended transsphenoidal approach was studied to establish an anatomic basis for surgical treatment. Methods Simulated surgery was performed on ten adult cadaver heads via extended transsphenoidal approach and some anatomic parameters were measured. Results The following anatomical structures can be clearly visualized via an extended transsphenoidal approach: the periosteum, the outer surface of the dura, the inside wall of the carotid artery, the internal carotid artery and its branches, oculomotor, trochlear, abducent and optic nerves in the cavernous sinus. Conclusion The endoscopic surgical anatomy of the cavernous sinus can be visualized well via extended transsphenoidal approach. This finding provides a rational surgery approach for the invasion of the cavernous sinus by sellar tumor.