The Spiritual World of Scholar-bureaucrats and Its Changing Direction in Ming Dynasty

The scholar-bureaucrats in Ming dynasty had established a brand new image as a rich and colorful life,and their spiritual world was unique.The scholar-bureaucrats' spirits had their own origins.Dating back to their earlier origins,the direct one was Mencius of pre-Qin period,later they had great inheritance relationship with the grace of Wei and Jin dynasty,and Sushi of Song dynasty.Since mid-Ming dynasty and henceforth,in terms of enjoying life,personal inclination,the spirits of criticizing state affairs by means of clear discussion,settled down attitude toward life and self-developmental personalities,the scholar-bureaucrats' spirits had many changes of direction so that they can correspond to the spirits of time.