Construction of Lin Shu's Cultural Identity and the Influence upon His Translation

The fierce cultural transition in late Qing Dynasty constructed Lin Shu's dual cultural identity:nationality and modernity,thus his translation activities have shown dual features:unknowing foreign languages,but he translated works of 12 million words from more than 10 countries; in the times of advocating modern Chinese,he still translated foreign works with old Chinese; in the times of advocating democracy and science,he tried to paraphrase western culture with traditional Chinese moral values; and he adopted literal and liberal translation strategies. He thus becomes a disputed translator in late and modern Chinese history. But,it is doubtless that his translated woks have helped improve the formation of modern ideology in China,innovated Chinese traditional novel ideas,influenced the young generation in May Fourth Period and created many modern novelists.