Relative orbit configuration for satellite formation flying

Satellites flying in formation can significantly improve the satellite capabilities. This paper analyzes the relative trajectories of satellite formation flying using the orbital elements method, which avoids approximations to provide accurate results. The relative motions are classified for various orbital elements. Comparisons are made between coplanar and noncoplanar relative trajectories, small and large eccentricity elliptical trajectories, etc. The results show that the semimajor axis of each satellite should be equal in formation flying, and the relative orbit configuration depends on the relative orbital elements, illustrating the methodology for the design of satellite formation flying missions. 