Research on Rural Environmental Problems with either Strong Externalities or Weak Externalities and Corresponding Management Methods

Based on differences of externalities’ reaches,rural environment problems are categorized into two major types: environment problems with weak externalities and those with strong externalities.These two types of environmental problems need to be managed through different approaches.The authors argue that rural environment problems with weak externalities should be solved by internal cooperation within small groups,while rural environmental problems with strong externalities should be solved by supervision that imposes outside rewards and punishments on small groups.