Production of bio-feed enriched of enzymes from apple pomace in solid state fermentation by Aspergillus niger

The objectives of this work were to produce bio-feed enriched of enzymes,biodegrade pectin and tannins,the main anti-nutritional factors in apple pomace,and to improve the nutritional level of the fermented substrate.Activities of proteinase and cellulase were 3674U/g and 1207U/g,and the biodegradation rates of pectin and tannins were 99.0% and 66.1%,respectively,when the optimum medium,the mixture of apple pomace and cottonseed powder(1:1,w/w),supplemented with 1%(w/w)(NH4)2SO4 and 0.1%(w/w)KH2PO4,was inoculated with 0.4%(w/w)of Aspergillus niger F2 and F3(2:1,w/w)and incubated at 30℃ for 48h in solid state fermentation.The utilization of apple pomace in the paper was the most efficient biological treatment and could become a model for the value addition of similar wastes.