Effects of different kinds of treatment solutions on reduction of postoperative surgical site infections in oral and maxillofacial surgery patients

OBJECTIVE To select the most effective oral treatment solution for the prevention and regulation of postoperative surgical site infections(SSI) after the oral and maxillofacial surgery.METHODS A total of 1293 cases of patients without intra-oral infections were divided into the group A,B,C,and D;the group A was treated with normal saline,the group B with 0.02% nitrofurazone,the group C with 0.1% povidone iodine,and the group D with 0.12% chlorhexidine acetate gargle before operation,and mouth rinse after operation.The patients without implants were observed after the operation and followed up for 1 month,and the patients with implants were observed after the operation and followed up for 1 year.The incidence of the surgical sites infections was compared.RESULTS The surgical site infections occurred in 16 cases in the group A with the infection rate of 4.86%,19 cases in the group B with the infection rate of 6.00%,5 cases in the group C with the infection rate of 1.68%,and 5 cases in the group D with the infection rate of 1.43%;the difference in the incidence of the surgical site infections between the patients who used physiological saline and the patients who used furacilin for rinsing was not statistically significant;the incidence of the surgical site infections was even lower in the patients who used povidone iodine and chlorhexidine for rinsing(P0.05);as compared with the patients who used and nitrofurazone,the incidence of the surgical site infections was significantly lower in the patients who used povidone iodine and chlorhexidine acetate(P0.05);the difference in the incidence of the surgical site infections between the patients who used povidone iodine and the patients who used chlorhexidine acetate was not statistically significant.However,the effect of povidone iodine or chlorhexidine acetate on prevention and control of postoperative surgical site infections were better that of the saline or nitrofurazone.CONCLUSION The 0.1% povidone-iodine and 0.12% chlorhexidine acetate are more effective in reducing the incidence of surgical site infections in the patientsafter the oral and maxillofacial surgery.