Spectrum Characteristic Analysis of Dust Storm and Dust Identified Using NOAA Satellites Data

Spectrum characteristics of several regions such as dust storm, cloud, desert, Gebi desert, snow, soil and vegetation were analyzed using NOAA/AVHRR data during the years from 2000 to 2002. The characteristics of dust storm in NOAA/AVHRR-2 are that: The reflectances of channel 1 and 2 are higher than the desert and lower than the clouds; the brightness temperature of channel 4 and 5 are lower than the regions in where are clear, and higher than clouds. The brightness temperature of dust storm in channel 3 is unusual, the temperature is the highest in all of the regions. It is show that there is more trace of dust in channel 3. It is disadvantage to monitor dust storm when AVHRR-2 have been replaced by AVHRR-3. Two dust identified indexes, which identify dust quantificational from AVHRR, were put forward. The dust had been identified successfully in many dust storm cases using the dust identified indexes. The results show that dust storm could be identified effectively by the dust identified indexes which are composed of multi-channel value.