Carefree Doctrine and Zhuang-Zi's Philosophy

The Master Zhuang-Zi holds that human existence should be humanistic in a natural state, whose value finds expression in his carefree doctrine. With the unification of following both the external law and the internal humanity, his carefree doctrine transcends the means of restricted and established existence and expresses the features of freedom. Zhuang-Zi also holds that the natural state is the carefree state without clear purposes, and equates freedom with nature in a certain degree, which somewhat ignores the values embodied in freedom. However, with the carefree state as the orientation, the tension between unity and individuality and that between man and nature have somewhat been relieved.