Effect of Optimized Fertilization on Soil Nutrient and Enzyme Activity in Tomato Rhizosphere and Non Rhizosphere in Greenhouse Field

In order to improve the soil nutrient use efficiency and protect the farmland ecological environment, soil nutrient and enzyme activity in tomato rhizosphere and non hizosphere under optimized fertilization conditions were studied by taking Greenhouse soils as research materials in Shouguang,Shandong Province. The results indicated that the treatment of 8 t / ha of organic fertilizer plus 4 t / ha of straw,and 150 kg / ha of chemical nitrogen added in tomato growth period was the better fertilization mode,and should be recommended appropriately in practice. The average content of soil organic matter in tomato rhizosphere was higher than that of non rhizosphere. However,soil available phosphorus content was on the contrary,and available nitrogen and available potassium were with little difference in rhizosphere and non rhizosphere. The test also indicated that urease and sucrase were more sensitive to fertilization than dehydrogenase and phosphatase,and catalase was not sensitive to fertilization. Continuous planting of tomato in Greenhouse field inhibit most soil enzymatic activities. Among which,the influence on dehydrogenase and phosphatase was greater than urease and sucrase,and a little effect on catalase. Correlation analysis indicated that soil organic matter was a key factor affecting other soil nutrients and soil enzyme activities. Accordingly,various effective measures should be taken to increase soil organic matter content,to improve the crop growth environment and prevent soil quality from degradation.