Separation,identification and biological characteristics of pathogenic fungi in maize

Morphological and molecular biological methods were used for separation and purification of the main fungi from maize for identification.The growth rate of colony and germ tube were daily measured to study their biological characteristics,which were cultured in a certain gradient of temperature and humidity.The results showed that the main fungi in maize were Penicillium oxalicum,Fusarium moniliforme and Aspergillus niger.The optimum growth temperature of Penicillium oxalicum,Fusarium moniliforme and Aspergillus niger were 30℃,30℃and 35℃.The optimum conidial germination temperature of Penicillium oxalicum,Fusarium moniliforme and Aspergillus niger were 30℃,25℃ and 35 ℃.The optimum humidity of Penicillium oxalicum and Fusarimu moniliforme was 70%,while Aspergillus niger was 80%.On the condition of free water,the optimum conidial germination rate of Penicillium oxalicum was 72.5%,Fusarium moniliforme was 79.2%,and Aspergillus niger was 85.1%.