Application of restoration ecology in ‘black soil type’ degraded grassland rebuilding

In view of the present situation of the serious degradation alpine meadow-'black soil type' degraded grassland-in the source region of Yangtze River,Yellow River and Lantsang River,through years of field investigation and studies,and using the principles of restoration ecology,the authors proposed the alpine meadow degradation ecosystem restoration and reconstruction pattern in the source region of three rivers.According to the pilot studies,for medium,light degraded grasslands,they are minor-damaged degraded grassland ecosystem.The damage to the system is not overload and reversible.Reducing grazing pressure and rat damage in several years,it would revert to the initial state.However,for heavy degraded grassland and extreme('black soil type') degraded grassland,the native vegetation Kobresia humilis meadow in the grassland vegetation has almost disappeared,the capacity of natural breeding and update is too low,therefore it is difficult to return to the initial state through enclosed in short term,only through reconstruction and renovation,its vegetation could be restored.Using the native grasses seed to renovation artificial grassland in the ‘black soil type’ degraded pasture,it can not only achieve the goal of restoring grassland vegetation(grass production increased 4~5 times than normal meadow,and 10~15 times than degraded meadows),but also meet the needs of local livestock production.It is the key to success of planting artificial grassland in the 'black soil type' degraded pasture to choose suitable grass seed and agronomic measures.Artificial control is also an important factor for maintaining high productivity for artificial grassland rebuilding in 'black soil type' degraded grassland.