Experimental study of digital subtraction angiography and embolization of internal carotid artery system in canine

Objective:To study the digital subtraction angiography(DSA) in displaying the internal carotid artery system,intracranial vascular communication as well as the manifestations after intracranial artery embolization in canine,in order to obtain the model of cerebrovascular disease in canine,and provide a reference for the study of these cerebro-vascular diseases.Methods:6 canines were randomly divided into two groups as group A and B,each group has 3 canines.At mento-vertical position,internal carotid artery(ICA) DSA was performed.After ICA and its distal branches were clearly displayed,arterial embolization was performed with gelatin sponge particle embolic agent,using diameter as 560~710μm in group A,and diameter as 1000~1400μm in group B.Repeat angiography was performed after embolization.Results:The morphology of ICA and its distal branches were similar to that of human being,but the ophthalmic artery of some canines come from the proximal segment of ipsi-lateral anterior cerebral artery(ACA).An obvious flexure could be seen in ICA before entering the cranial cavity,even a fine guide-wire with the diameter as 0.014 inch couldn't be passed through.During the course of ICA angiography,under the condition with no contrast regurgitation,the external carotid artery(ECA) can be assessed through ipsi-lateral middle cerebral artery(MCA) and the distal branches of anterior cerebral artery(ACA).In the 3 canines of group A,there was obstruction of the MCA and ACA of the embolized side;while in the group B,all three canines showed embolic agents directly blocking the ICA.All 3 canines in Group A showed ischemic stroke which was more obvious than that in Group B.Conclusion:There is a wide range of communication between the intracranial arterial system and ipsi-lateral external carotid artery system in canines.It's easy to use intravascular intervention to form acute infarction model in canines,and with high survival rate.