The Relationships between Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Gene \;Polymorphism and Essential Hypertension and its Complications

Aim:To investigate the relationship between polymorphism of angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor (AT 1R) gene and essential hypertension (EH) , the frequency of C1166 allele of AT 1R gene was determined in 86 normotensives and 120 hypertensives. The associations between the AT 1R gene polymorphism and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), microalbuminuria, and arteriosclerosis of common carotid artery were also studied. Methods:Blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), fasting serum glucose (Glu), serum total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) were measured in all subjects; left ventricular mass index (LVMI), urinary albumin (UA), and intimal medial thickness (IMT)、diameter (D)、 I/D of common carotid artery were determined in 78 hypertensives. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes by standard method. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with restriction enzyme digestion was used to detect the polymorphism. Result:(1)The frequencies of AC genotype and C1166 allele of AT 1R gene of EH patients were higher than that of control (AC: 0.181 vs 0 058, P 0 01; C: 0 091 vs 0 029, P 0 05);(2)EH subjects with AC genotype had increased common carotid artery IMT and I/D than those with AA genotype (IMT: 1.13±0.13 vs 0.89±0.21 mm, P 0 05; I/D: 0.14±0 02 vs 0.10±0 02, P 0 01), while common carotid artery D showed no difference between two genotypes;(3)There were no difference in LVMI and urinary albumin (UA) between AA and AC genotype in EH group. Conclusion:A1166C polymorphism of AT 1R gene was associated with EH and C1166 allele of AT 1R gene may play a role in arteriosclerosis of hypertension. A1166C polymorphism of AT 1R gene was not associated with LVH or microalbuminuria in EH group.