Changes of dietary pattern among residents in Yangpu district of Shanghai from 2007 to 2012

Objective To understand the food intake and to analyze the dietary pattern and its changes among residents in Yangpu district of Shanghai from 2007 to 2012. Methods The data from Health and Nutrition Survey among Residents in Shanghai, which were conducted three times in Yangpu district in 2007, 2011 and 2012, was respectively collected and analyzed, and the average food intake and dietary pattern were calculated and compared with the recommended food intake in the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese. Results From 2007 to 2009, the average food intakes of cereal foods, vegetables, fruits, meats, eggs and milk had an increasing trend(all P0.05) and increased respectively by 20.3%, 56.7%, 78.9%, 30.4%, 55.9% and 32.1%. The intakes of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate also had an increasing trend(all P0.05) and increased respectively by 24.5%, 12.4%, 16.7%,35.7%. The energy supplied by fat had a descending trend(P0.05) and the energy supplied by carbohydrate had an increasing trend(P0.05). Conclusion The residents' dietary status have gradually improved, but the dietary pattern is unbalanced. The residents' consumption of milk, fruits, beans and nuts are still at a low level and the intakes of oil and salt are excessive. The ratio of the energy supplied by fat is too high. The residents should be encouraged to eat more vegetables, fruits, milk, beans and nuts and less oil, salt and animal food. More health education should be carried out and the rational diet should also be recommended to residents to improve the residents' health level.