Case-control Study of Measles and Measles Vaccine

Objective In order to discuss the reason of measles epidemic and analyze the relationship between vaccine effect and epidemic of measles.Methods One case-control study 1∶1 matched was made in 4 counties.Results 358 cases and 358 controls were studied.Most cases are children before school age,primary,and middle school students,27.65% of them are under 7 years old,66.48% are 7-14 years old,and average age is 8.62,65% of cases can be confirmed as measles patients.Measles vaccination coverage of cases is 36.87% and that of controls is 89.94%;68.94% of cases occurred more than five years after vaccination,and 74.47% of cases between 7 and 9 years old occurred ≥ years after vaccination.According to calculating method of 1∶1 case-control study,95% confidence interval of odds ratio between measles and vaccination is 0.028-0.079,and 95% confidence interval of vaccine effect is 92.1%-97.2%,so vaccine effect is high.Conclusion Reason of measles outbreak or epidemic in local areas is the low coverage of measles vaccine and immunization and the existing of the immunization vacuum.We should strengthen routine immunization so as to improve coverage of measles vaccine;to shorten vaccination interval between two measles vaccination.The second dose can be administered 3-4 years after the first dose,conduct immunization campaign of measles vaccine among children of school age or before school age in risk areas can control the measles.