Characteristics of the first tropopause temperature changes over Liaoning province from 1964 to 2005

The characteristics of the first tropopause temperatures over Dalian and Shenyang were analyzed by the trend analysis and abrupt change analysis as well as wavelet analysis.Shenyang and Dalian were thought as the northern city and the southern city of Liaoning province,respectively.The results showed that the yearly average temperature of the first tropopause over Liaoning province increased from 1964 to 2005.The average temperatures in both summer and autumn also increased,while they decreased in both spring and winter.The multi-year average temperature of the first tropopause was higher in summer and was lower in spring in the north of Liaoning province than in the south of Liaoning province,and it was higher in autumn and was lower in spring in the south than in the north of Liaoning province.Moreover,the interannual change ranges of year and season in the south of Liaoning province were larger than those in the north of Liaoning province.The largest inter-annual change range appeared in summer and the smallest one was in winter and the middle in both spring and autumn in the south of Liaoning province,while the largest one was in summer and followed in winter in the north of Liaoning province.And there was not an obvious difference in spring and autumn in the north of Liaoning province.In addition,climatic abrupt changes that took place in spring and summer in the south of Liaoning province lagged behind that in the north of Liaoning province.The first tropopause temperature had different cycles including 3,6 a and 18 a in spring.Oscillations of other seasons in the south of Liaoning province were more obvious than that in the north of Liaoning province.