Anatomical study and clinical application of the lateral superior genicular retrograde flap

Objective: To provide anatomical basis for the new operative method using the lateral superior genicular retrograde flap to repair the defects of popliteal fossa. Methods: The origins, courses, distributions and anastomosis of the lateral superior genicular artery and the descendant branch of the lateral femoral circumflex artery were observed in 20 side of fresh adult lower limb specimens perfused with red latex.Based on the anatomic study, the lateral superior genicular retrograde flap was devised to repair the defects of popliteal fossa.Results: The cutaneous arteries from the lateral superior genicular artery and the descendant branch of the lateral circumflex artery had abundant anastomosis.The caliber of anastomosis branch was 0.6～1.5 mm.Thirty patients were satisfactorily treated.The ratio of length width of the flap was up to 5∶1 and satisfactory results had been obtained.Conclusion: Transplantation of the lateral superior genicular retrograde flap, with the pedicle of the lateral superior genicular artery, can cure severe scar contracture of popliteal fossa.