2005•自然资源学报Requires access
Regional Differentiation of Grain Production of Commodity Grain Bases in the Northeast China
Pingyu Zhang
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Abstract
As one of the most important commodity grain base in China,110 commodity grain bases have been established in Northeast China since 1983,which is 13.2% of the total.In 2000,the percentage of population of the bases is 52.8% of the region's total population,and cultivated land is 77.86%,and sown area is 68.76%,but the percentage of grain yield is 81.5%.And those commodity grain bases can provide 300×108 kg to 350×108 kg of commodity grains each year,being about 33.3% of the total in China.In this article,taking the bases as an example,by the methods of statistics and spatial analysis of GIS,the characteristics of regional differentiation of grain yield are revealed;(1)Bases below average yield are in domination,which are about 63.64% in number,but is about 35.26% in grain yield:(2) disparities of grain yield among bases are less than varietal crops of each base,especially,regional difference of rice yield is greater than corn and soybean;(3) in provincial scale,bases above average yield are concentratedly distributed in Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces,which shows obvious trend of specialization and regionalization of grain yield;and(4) in regional scale,grain yield concentrates in plain areas such as the black soil region of central Songnen Plain,Liaohe Plain and Sanjiang Plain,presenting a decreasing trend from middle plains to adjacent mountainous regions.Varying of sown areas are the primary factor resulting in regional differentiation of grain yield,but modernization of agriculture also has important effect on it.To intensify construction of commodity grain bases and optimiz spatial distribution is a tactic way to make Northeast China a grain security base of the country,which requires us to increase capital investment in reconstructing middle and low yield farmlands,to improve comprehensive capacity of grain production by increasing per unit area yield,and to accelerate specialization,regionalization and scalization of grain production.