Heterosis Investigation of Maize Inbred Lines and Their Crosses

The traits of 10 Maize inbred lines and 45 F1 crosses were analyzed by using additive-dominate and its interaction with environment model,the ratio of genetic variance were calculated by total variance and heterosis.The results showed that traits of inbred lines were mainly dominated traits and controlled by genotype,while the environment could affect the traits to some extent,the dominate effects of different traits in single cross and among different crosses were significantly different.The average heterosis and over parents heterosis of ear weight,ear length,ear diameter,kernel lines per ear,100 kernel weight,plant height,and ear height were all significantly different at 1% level.Obviously the heterosis of F1 of most traits was 2-3 times higher than that in F2 generation.