Proliferation inhibition of sodium valproate on lung cancer cell line A549

Objective To investigate the effect of sodium valproate(VPA) on proliferation of lung cancer cell line A549.Methods A549 cells were treated with different concentration of VPA for various time.Cell morphology of A549 treated with VPA was observed by invert microscope in vitro.Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay.Apoptosis and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results The population of A549 cells decreased and there was an obvious change in shape when A549 cells were treated with 2.0 mmol/L VPA for 72 hours.The proliferation of A549 cells was inhibited by treating with 1 mmol/L VPA for 72 hours,and the proportion of G1 cell was(72.2±3.4)%.There was significant difference as compared with the control group(P0.05).Cell cycle was changed by treating with 2 mmol/L VPA for 24 to 72 hours.The cells in G1 phase increased from(64.5±3.7)% to(79.8±4.4)% and the cells in S phase decreased from(30.7±5.17)% to(14.2±3.37)%.The ratio of G1 phase cells increased remarkably under treatment with higher concentration and/or longer time of VPA,and the ratio in S phase cells decreased significantly.Cell apoptosis increased from(7.30±1.87)% to(19.85±2.40)% after treated with 2 mmol/L VPA for 24 to72 hours.Conclusion VPA can significantly suppress the cell proliferation,change cell cycle and induce cell apoptosis.