ESPRIT-based DOA and mutual coupling estimation of ULA

Based on the special structure of the uniform linear array(ULA) and its mutual coupling matrix,an ESPRIT-based DOA and mutual coupling estimation method is proposed.By a smart choosing of sub-array for ESPRIT,DOA is estimated directly without the value of the mutual coupling matrix,which can be seen as a robust DOA estimation based on ESPRIT.Then mutual coupling parameters are obtained via the least squares(LS) fitting of the actual steering vectors.Compared with existing algorithms,the structure of array and its mutual coupling characteristic are explored simultaneously in this method.The DOA and mutual coupling parameters are estimated separately,and the DOA estimation precision is not limited to the mutual coupling parameters estimation.Then,the DOA and mutual coupling parameters are both calculated from corresponding expressions,and neither searching nor iterating brings the method a less computational load.In the end,computer simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and the performances under the phase error and the mutual coupling matrix error respectively.