The Return of Absolute Simultaneity and its Relationship to Einstein's Relativity of Simultaneity

In this paper we show how Einstein's relativity of simultaneity is fully consistent with anisotropic one-way speed of light. We get the same end result and observations as predicted by Einstein, but with a very diferent interpretation. We show that the relativity of simultaneity is an apparent e↵ect due to an Einstein clock synchronization error, which is rooted in assuming that the one-way speed of light is the same as the well-tested round-trip speed of light. Einstein's relativity of simultaneity leads to several bizarre paradoxes recently introduced by Haug (2016a,b). Still, relativity of simultaneity is indeed what one will observe with Einstein synchronized clocks, while absolute simultaneity is the deeper reality that can be observed when synchronizing clocks in a way that avoids the Einstein error. Relativity of simultaneity and absolute simultaneity exist at the same time.