Effects of Nitrogen on N Uptake, Grain Yield and Quality of Medium-Gluten Wheat Yangmai 10

The effects of the basal and top-dressing nitrogen (N) on N uptake and translocation, N utilization efficiency, grain yield and quality of medium-gluten winter wheat Yangmai 10 were studied from 2000 to 2002. The main results were as follows. Nitrogen content and nitrogen accumulation in plant at maturity increased with the amount of N application. Grain protein content and wet gluten content were significantly correlated with applied N. There was a significantly positive correlation between nitrogen accumulation before anthesis (NBA) and basal N fertilizer, and between nitrogen accumulation after anthesis (NAA) and top-dressing N. N accumulated in grains was significantly correlated to NBA, NAA and N translocation from vegetative organs after anthesis (NTVA). NBA was significantly correlated with N application, but NAA and NTVA had a quadratic curve correlation with applied N. N fertilizer use efficiency (NUE) had a quadratic curve correlation with applied N, and the NUE was high when basal and top-dressing N was equally applied. For the medium-gluten wheat Yangmai 10 under the same N application ratio, there was a N-regulating effect when the N application was less than 266.55 kg ha^(-1), a stagnation of yield and quality when N application ranged from 266.55 to 309.08 kg ha^(-1), and an excessive N application when the N application rate was greater than 309.08 kg ha^(-1). Under the conditions of this experiment, the precise N application is 220-270 kg ha^(-1) with basal and top-dressing N equally used when a grain yield of more than 6750 kg ha^(-1), protein content higher than 12%, wet gluten content more than 30% and NUE greater than 40% could be obtained.