On the Toxicity of Scorpion Venom

SummaryThe toxicity of the venoms of the Brazilian scorpions Tityus bahiensis and T. serrulatus is extremely variable at different times. The properties of venom extracted from triturated glands are different from those of the pure toxin obtained by milking the live scorpions. Mean lethal doses of from about 0.5 to more than 2.0 mg./kg. were found in the mouse test with the pure venom. There was no difference in toxic activity between the venoms of the two species. The LD50 was the same for subcutaneous and intravenous injection in both of the venoms. The latter observation in conjunction with the symptomatology of scorpion poisoning favors the assumption that the venom is mainly a peripherally attacking neurotoxin. Reasonable volumes of scorpion antivenin should neutralize at least 5 mg. of pure venom.