Case report Benign metastasizing leiomyoma with intracaval leiomyomatosis

We present an unusual case of benign metastasizing leiomyoma in association with intracaval leiomyomatosis. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of metastasizing leiomyoma with coexistent intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL). Magnetic resonance imaging is useful for the diagnosis of pelvic and caval IVL. Benign metastasizing leiomyoma is a rare condition affecting females, characterized by soft tissue tumours at distant sites that are histologi- cally identical to leiomyomas of the uterus. Although this condition is associated with micro- vascular invasion by smooth muscle cells, usually within a uterine leiomyoma, it has not been reported with intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVI) which presents as a macroscopic smooth muscle tumour within the venous system (1-5).