Septic shock in the era of precision medicine

Septic shock is a subset of sepsis in which underlying circulatory and cellular/metabolic abnormalities are profound enough to substantially increase mortality. Patients with septic shock can be identified with a clinical construct of sepsis with persistent hypotension requiring vasopressors to maintain MAP >65 mmHg and having a serum lactate level >2 mmol/L (18 mg/dL) despite adequate volume resuscitation (1). The treatment include combined regimens of antibiotics, source control and hemodynamic resuscitation.