Importance of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment Protection in Key Hydraulic Projects and Hydropower Stations Construction on Chinese Great Rivers

Since reform and opening, especially since entering the new century, economy in China has maintained a rapid and healthy development and more and more key hydraulic projects and hydropower stations have present the characteristics of rapid speed, short period and good benefits, but at the same time, they also have bought new challenges for soil and water conservation and ecological environment protection. In the late 1990s, China has instituted a set of laws and regulations on soil and water conservation and ecological environment protection to reinforce environment management in development and construction projects. We were implementing ecological environment construction engineering of soil and water conservation at the same time when the Three Gorges Hydraulic Project on the Yangtze River, Xiaolangdi and Wanjiazhai Hydraulic Projects on the Yellow River, Dachaoshan Hydraulic Project on Lancang River and other key hydraulic projects and hydropower stations were being constructed, and have achieved notable effects. The common characteristics of the soil and water conservation and ecological environment construction of the main key hydraulic projects are: First, making water and soil conservation plans and its special designs at the beginning of major project design. Second, implementing prevention-control measures of water and soil loss when the project was under construction. Third, accepting major project consisted of special acceptance of water and soil conservation engineering, performing the national requirements of the "three-simultaneity" system between the construction and development projects and the water and soil conservation very well.