Genetic diversity analysis in different genotypes of black gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] using RAPD marker

Amongst the various DNA fingerprinting methodologies, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used to estimate genetic diversity and relationship amongst 22 black gram genotypes. A total of 25 randomly selected decamers were screened, out of which only 16 got amplified. A total of 133 amplified bands were obtained, out of which 120 were polymorphic. The average percentage of polymorphism was 90.23. The total number of amplified bands varied between 3 (primer OPK-03) and 15 (primer OPC-08) with an average of 9 bands per primer. The overall size of PCR amplified products ranged between 200 bp to 2600 bp. The average PIC was 0.30 ranging from 0.17 to 0.43. Five unique bands (ranging from 200-1200 bp) were detected in four genotypes using 5 RAPD primers. Jaccard’s similarity coefficient values for RAPD primers ranged from 0.58-0.85 with an average of 0.71. Based on dendrogram generated through UPGMA method and PCA, most of the genotypes got divided into three main clusters. Genotypes U-17 and STY-2289 were lying close and thus showed minimum genetic distance while genotypes UH-177 and IPU99-233 had minimum similarity value of 0.42, thus showing maximum divergence. Thus, these results could be used to assess other black gram accessions in the Vigna germplasm pool that can provide useful information towards molecular classification and the genetic marker assisted breeding for crop improvement.