The Pathogenesis of Multiplane Spinal Deformity

Objective. To perform 3D biomechanical analysis of spine deformity and relevant anatomical structures in children. Material and Methods. A total of 37,000 children and adolescents aged from 7 to 17 years were screened for multiplane spinal deformity. Screening was performed using computer optic topography. Deformity was assessed with topographical criterion. Results. The coronal plane deformity was detected in 4,230 (11.4 %), sagittal — in 2,048 (5.5 %), and horizontal — in 1,072 (2.9 %) patients. Out of all children with detected pathology, 68.1 % had single plane deformity, 26.6 % — two-plane, and 5.3 % — three-plane deformity. Pathogenesis of multiplane deformities was considered. Seven variants of spinal deformity were identified. Conclusion. In children, as a rule, the deformity under 10° has a single-plane character and more than 10° degree — a multiplane one. Multiplane deformities cause changes in topography of all anatomical structures, which ultimately results in deformity of locomotor system as a whole.