132 Antibodies and Fc Receptors

Interactions between Fc receptors and their Fc ligands mediate many antibody functions in the setting of HIV and other viral infections. Some of these functions, such as antibody-dependent cell-mediated virus inhibition (ADCVI), antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and phagocytosis, are likely to be of benefit to the host since they may limit infection at the time of exposure. On the other hand, Fc receptor engagement by antibody can promote inflammation and thereby increase the number of susceptible target cells. Moreover, Fc receptors may serve as a conduit for entry of virus into susceptible cells or through mucosal barriers. Both the potential benefits and downsides of Fc-Fc receptor interactions will be discussed.